talk some send -xx COP PART

अब एक दुई कुरा गरौँ है।

Let's talk few words!

question what COP

प्रश्न के?

Question?

elder.brother name Samten COP PART

दाजुको नाम साम्तेन हैन?

Your name is Samten, is not it?

Samten Dakpa

साम्तेन ढाक्पा

It is Samten Dhakpa.

Samten Dakpa

साम्तेन ढाक्पा!

Samten Dhakpa!

Samten Dakpa birthplace Gilung COP PARTPART

साम्तेन ढाक्पाको जन्मस्थान घिलिङ हो नि!

Your birthplace is Ghiling, is not it?

Gilung here

यहिँ घिलिङ।

Yes, in Ghiling.

Gilung sit.RES -CONV year how.much/manygo -xx

घिलिङ बस्नुभएको कति बर्ष.... ...भयो?

How long have you been living in Ghiling?

now year this middle -LOC study study -xx except nowget.birth -ABL that.side -LOC here straight COP PART

यो विचमा पढेको समय बाहेक, जम्मेदेखि यहिँ हो।

Except study time in the meantime, I am always here.

now study study -xx PART outside sit.xxCOP

अब पढ्ने बेला बाहिर बसेको थिएँ।

For study, I had gone outside.

study study -xx PART now

अब पढेको चाहिँ।

Then about study...

study study -xx PART now year nine -ABLnow

अब पढेको चाहिँ नौ बर्ष देखि

As for study, at nine years...

year nine year PART class two studyPART

नौ बर्षमा दुई कछ्यामा पढेको थिएँ।

I studied in grade 2 at nine years old.

Dumba -LOC COP.xx

डुम्बामा हो?

It is in Dhumba?

Dumba -LOC sit.xx PART

...ढुम्बामा बसेको थिएँ।

I lived in Dhumba.

house inside -LOC sit.xx COPPART

घरमा बसेको थिएँ। (ढुम्बामा)

In a house in Dhumba.

Hello elder.brother Pema

हेलो पेमा दाजु! (ङावाङ-फोन)

Hello, Pema brother!

now little winter PART

अब म जाडो महिनामा....

In the winter...

father with always Tibetan study

बाबा सँगै पढाई गरेँ।

I studied with my father.

summer PART Nepali land -LOC school -LOC go -xxdo -xx

बर्षामा तलको ठाउँ, स्कुलमा जान्थेँ।

In the summer, I used to go to school.

Yes

.......अँ....

Yes....

class five till PART that here studyCOP

पाँच कक्षासम्म चाहिँ त्याहाँ पढेको थिएँ।

I studied upto grade 5 there.

that then here year one gap do -CONV sit.xx COP

त्याहाँबाट एकबर्ष चाहिँ ग्याप गरेर यहिँ बसेको थिएँ।

Then I did not study for one year.

year one year full/whole

एकबर्ष पुरै।

The whole year.

now DEM -ABL Jarjong -LOC go -xxCOP

अनि त्यसपछि झारजोङमा गएको हो।

Then, I went to Jharjong.

1PL now again parents

अब हाम्रो बाबाआमा....

Then, our parents..

traditons PART PART do need -xx

...रितीरिवाज।संस्कार पालना गर्नुपर्यो।

We have to follow our custom.

now that this do -CONV Jarjong towardsgo

त्यसैकारण झार्जुङ तिर गएँ।

Therefore, I went to Jharjung.

then there year a.lot one sit.xx year seven eightone

अनि त्याहाँ निकै बर्ष बसेँ, सात आठ बर्ष जस्तै।

Then, I lived there for many years, around seven to eight years.

there live

त्याहाँ बसेँ।

I lived there.

now there medicine some study

अनि त्याहाँ औषधिहरु पढेँ।

Then I studied medicine there.

then pray-worship study thatdo -CONV

अनि पुजापाठ सबै सिके, यसो गरेर.....

Then I studied prayers and worships etc.

now that then then

अनि त्यसपछि....

Then, later...

winter year two

हिउँदमा दुईबर्ष..

For two winters...

Banaras high school -LOC

वनारस कलेजमा....

In Banaras College....

month three three short.course study -LOC go -xxCOP

तीन तीन महिना कोचिङ (ट्युसन) पढ्न गएको थिएँ।

I went to coaching class for three months each time.

here there high school -LOC

यहाँ...उता कलेजमा....

Here...in the college...

Banaras

वनारस...

In Banaras...

Banaras COP PART PART xx

वनारसमा हो नि!

In Banaras!

then year one winter month one thereDharmasala -xx

अनि एक बर्ष चाहिँ हिउँदमा उता धर्मशालामा

Then, for one year in Dharmashala...

medicine winter go -place -xx littleone

हिउँदमा औषधिबारे बनाउने ठाउँमा अलिकति....

Then, in the winter, something about medicine...

there PART small one packed do -CONV live -xxNEG- get

त्याहाँ ठाउँ पुरा भएको कारणले बस्न पाएन।

I could not live there for some difficulties.

month one COP say

एक महिना हो नि!

For one month!

now 1PL a.lot contact xx PARTexcept

अब हामीलाई एकदमै चिनेको छ भने मात्रै....

If we have someone there, only then...

then medicine coaching give.xxNEG- xx

नत्र भने कोचिङ नपाईँदो रहेछ।

Otherwise, we can't get coaching class.

month one

एक महिना!

One month...

month one little then that.side -LOC this.side -LOC do -CONVthen return -CONV come -xx

अनि एकदुई महिना यताउता गरी फर्केर आएँ।

Then, living for around two months, I returned back.

now then here always sit.xx

त्यसपछि म यहिँ बसेँ।

After that, I lived here.

elder.brother -POSS sibling Nyima Thileand

दाजुको दाजुभाई न्यिमा ठिले र...

Your brothers; Nyima Thile and...

1PL two except NEG.xx COP

हामी दुई जना भन्दा छैन।

There was none except we two.

this -LOC xx -xx PART this again uncle towards -POSSchildren -PL little xxCOP

यता हुनेचाहिँ, अनि फेरी काका पट्टि बच्चाहरु अलिअलि छन।

Those here; there are some children of my uncle.

main.house inside up child two xxCOP

मुलघरमा चाहिँ दुईवटा बच्चा छन

In the main house, there are two children.

elder.brother now life

दाजु अब तपाईँको जिन्दगी....

Brother, your life...

wife when take -PTCP COP.xx

विहे कहिले गर्नुभयो?

When did you get married?

now wife take -CONV year twelve littlego -xx

अब बिहे गरेर बाह्र बर्ष जस्तो भयो।

It has turned twelve years since I got married.

now children how.much/many xx COP now

अहिले कति वच्चाहरु छन?

Do you have children?

four

चारजना।

Four.

four

चार!

Four!

son/boy daughter

केटाकेटी?

Son or daughter?

son/boy only

छोरा मात्रै!

Only sons.

son/boy only COP PART

छोरा मात्रै हो नि!

Only sons!

now where where xx COP

अहिले कहाँ कहाँ छन?

Where are they now?

son/boy big PART

ठुलो छोराचाहिँ..

The eldest one is...

Kathmandu -xx school -LOC xx

काठमान्डौ स्कुलमा छ।

...in school in Kathmandu.

Manjugokja -LOC

मन्जुगोश्यामा। (विध्यालय)

In Manjugosja.

son/boy that below PART Tuktse -xx 1PLthis

त्यसपछिको छोरा चाहिँ टुक्चेमा हाम्रो.....

Next son is in Tukche...

Nyingma.sect school one establish xxPART

एउटा न्यिङ्मा स्कुल स्थापना गरेको छ नि

There is Nyima shool established.

Tuktse -xx COP PART

टुक्चेमा हो नि!

In Tukche!

like.this do then

यस्तो गर्यो अनि...

Then, I did so and...

child that middle -POSS below nine that school -LOCsend

अब बच्चा बिचको तलको यहाँको स्कुलमा पठाएको छ।

I have sent next child to the school down here.

now small -SUPER PART here kindergarten -LOC xx COP

अब सबैभन्दा सानो चाहिँ बाल-हेरचाहर केन्द्रमा राखेको छु।

The smallest one is in child-care centre.

then elder.brother now

अनि दाजु अहिले...

Then, brother...

now work what inside xx doctor like do -CONVxx or again

अहिले तपाईँ के काम गर्नुहुन्छ?, डाक्टर जस्तो गर्नुहुन्छ कि फेरी!

What work do you do?, or something like doctor...

now book inside -LOC 1PL earlier culture

अब हाम्रो पुस्तकमा भएजस्तै, पहिलेको सोचाई (दर्शन)

Like what we have in our holy books, the traditional ideas..

philosophy SELF -ERG that SELF -ERG now

दर्शन अनुसारनै...

According to our tradition...

earlier -POSS custom and follow -xx follow -xx medicine -DAT priceNEG -xx do -CONV

पहिले चलिआएको रीतिलाई पछ्याउँदै पछ्याउँदै औषधीलाई निशुल्क गरी....

Following our custom, making the medicine free...

place -LOC come -xx PART -DAT medicine somegive

ठाउँमा आउनेहरुलाई औषधि दिने

Giving medicine to those who come.

then some inside -LOC

अनि कोही घरमा..

And for some at home..

fit COND some inside -LOC take vein look medicinegive

अट्यो भने घरमा बोलाई नाडि छामी औषधी दिने....

If we have space here, we provide medicine measuring one's wrist beat

that field PART and

अनि यहिँ खेतिपाति र

Then, cultivation and...

then medicine

अनि औषधी..

...and medicine...

business -PL how

व्यपार चाहिँ कस्तो नि!

How is your business?

now business PART this winter like one small oneexcept

व्यापार भन्नाले हिउँदमा फाट्टफुट्ट मात्र

Only a little business in the winter...

business nine this COP PART but main PARTnow

व्यपार चाहिँ यो हो भने मुख्यचाहिँ....

There is no specific business.

business PART PART now here stick -CONV live -xxCOP

व्यापार चाहिँ अहिले म यहिँ गरेर बस्छु।

I am living here doing business

now restaurantPART

अहिलेको रेस्टुरेन्ट चाहिँ।

Then, the restaurant now..

hotel this

यो होटेल चाहिँ।

This hotel..

hotel this EXCL

यो होटल नि!

This hotel!

Yes

अँ।

Yes.

now this main.house separate -CONV then house when go -xx COPthathouse

अब त्यो मुलघरबाट छुटेपछि यो घरचाहिँ केहिले बनाउनु भयो?

After you started to live separately, when did you make the house?

this house make -CONV year seven go.xx

यो घर बनाएर सात बर्ष भयो।

It has been seven years.

pillar establish -xx -ABL

खम्बा उठाए देखी

Since I raised the pillars.

this hotel do -CONV year three go.xx xx PART four go.xxxx PART like.this around except NEG- go -xx

होटेल चलाएर तीन बर्ष, यो बर्ष गनेर चार बर्ष हुन्छ।

I am running hotel here for four years.

year three four earlier like.whatxx

तीनचार वर्ष पहिले कस्तो थियो?

How was it like before three/four years?

business like.what become -xx hotel -POSS through -LOC

होटेलको व्यापार कस्तो भयो?

How was the hotel business?

now business year -LOC year -LOC in.the.beginning -ABL littlepoor/weak xx

अब व्यपार पहिले अलि नाजुक थियो।

The condition of business was poor.

then that then year -LOC year -LOC good good good go.PST then

अनि त्यसपछि बर्षै पिच्छे राम्रो राम्रो राम्रो हुँदै गयो अनि

Later on, it improved gradually.

good good go PART PART 1PL house as.wellEXCL

प्रगती भयो बनेर हाम्रो घर पनि

Thinking that it progressed and the house..

width big big go need -xx man more more go PARTPART NEG- fit -xx

फराकीलो बनाउँदै बनाउँदै लैजानु पर्यो, मान्छे धेरै बढ्दै गए भने मान्छे

I wanted to make a big house for if people increased I needed greater

now say - day last ending like do -CONV nowwhole

पोहोर साल अन्तिम जस्तो गरी अव सबै...

Last year, I almost completed.

final like do -xx COP

अन्तिम जस्तो गरेँ।

I completed it.

now this.year what COP again earthquake come -CONV

यसपाली फेरी भुकम्प आयो।

The earthquake hit this year.

now PART make PART NEG- make -xx like one makeput -xx PART

अब के बनायो पनि नबनाए जस्तै बनाईदियो क्यारे।

The earthquake ruined it badly.

this.year this PART

अब यसपाली त

Then, this year...

earthquake come -xx COP Baishak -LOC

बैशाखमा भुकम्प आयो।

The earthquake hit in the month of Baisakh..

this earthquake come time moment -LOC elder.brother where sit.RESxx now

यो भुकम्प आउँदा दाजु तपाईँ कहाँ हुनुहुन्थ्यो?

When were you sitting while the earthquake hit?

earthquake come time moment -LOC 1 main.house house old -xxxx that moment -LOC father go time do

त्यतिबेला म पुरानो मुलघरमा बाबा वितेकै बेला

I was in my old house; my father died...

now there day take.care -xx and do -CONV now here doorclose put COP extreme

त्यहाँ क्रियापुत्रिको कामको लागी भनेर यहाँ घर बन्द गरि गएको थिएँ।

For the mourning ceremony, I went there closing my house here.

now here door close PART except PART there PART work do -xxNEG.xx COP morningevening

यता घर बन्द नगरीकन उता काम गर्ने मान्छे छैन, विहान बेलुका

There is none to help there without closing the house here.

incense offer pray recite then again morning PART Lamacall forty-nine catch

धुप-बाल्ने, मन्त्र जप्ने अनि बिहान लामा बोलाई अनि पुजापाठ गर्ने...

To light incense, chant prayers, and make do worship inviting Lama

how do -CONV come -xx earthquake PART elder.brotherhouse -xx sit.RES xx COP

भुकम्प कसरी आयो जब तपाईँ हुँदा खेरी?

How did you feel the earthquake?

in.the.beginning PART PART 1PL all xx inside -LOC xxxx -xx PART

सुरुमा त हामीहरु सबै घरमै थियो हुन त।

In the beginnig, we were all at home.

now food eat -xx do -xx xx twelve o'clock time 1PLfood eat -xx time COP COP -xx PART

अनि खान खानै लागेको थियो, बार बजे चाहिँ आखिर हाम्रो खाना खाने बेला हो

We were about to have meal; 12 o'clock is our lunchtime.

twelve o'clock how.much/many COP.xx

ए बार बजे जति थियो!

It was around 12 o'clock.

then uncle terrace -LOC xx then1

अनि बुबा पनि कौशिमा हुनुहुन्थ्यो, अनि म...

And....was on the top of the house and I...

terrace -LOC go -xx rain some rain.lightly do -xxsay -CONV

पानी सिमसिम परेछ भनेर कौशिमा गएको थिएँ।

I went on the top of the house seeing drizzling rain.

now thunder like one sound.ONOM say.xx what sky dry -LOCthunder make.noise -xx think -xx mind inside PART -LOC

अब आकासबाट घुरुरु गरेको थियो, सुख्खा आकासमा(सफा आकास) पनि किन

There was sound in the sky; to my surprise, the clean sky was

rain some rain.lightly do -xx manure some put.in -CONVput xx manure PART now what water.xx get.wet -xx xxsay -CONV

पानी सिम सिम पर्दै थियो, मलहरु सुकाइराखेको थिएँ, मलहरु पानीले भिज्छ

The rain was falling lightly; I had put fertelizer in the sunlight

tarp take cover -xx go -INF say -CONV tarp take -CONV PARTtarp PART half -ALSO cover NEG- finish manure PART -LOC

त्रिपालले मललाई छोप्छु भनेर त्रिपाल लगि मललाई आधि भाग पनि छोप्न

I took tarpaulin to cover fertelizer and just covered almost half...

that PART -LOC

त्यसलाई।

For this...

then move move move do -xx PART whatdo -xx say -CONV later -LOC PART Chyangma.tree treebig one that ADRS.HON monk -POSS Chyangma.tree PART

अनि..........थर थर थर गरेको थियो, आबि, के गर्छ भनेर सोचेँ, पछि ठुलो

It trembled at once; I was surprised and I saw the big Chyangmo

Chyangma.tree all PART like.this do -xx top up -LOCair come -xx like

च्याङ्माको रुखहरु सबै यस्तो गरेर हल्लिदै थियो, माथिबाट हावा आएको झैँ

Chyangma trees were moving as if big wind came...

xx

अँ...

then 1 leg PART not.at.once place -LOC live ableNEG- able -xx

अनि मेरो खुट्टा भुईँमा पटक्कै बस्नै सकेको थिएन ,

I could not control my leg.

then 3 two come.out -CONV come -xx 3PLthree

अनि उनिहरु दुईजना निस्केर आए, उनीहरु तीनजना।

Then, they three came outside.

mother child two

आमा, बच्चा दुईजना

Mother and two children.

day Thinley daughter PART again xx COP thatday

न्यिमा ठिलेको छोरी पनि थियो, त्यो दिन

There was Nyima Thile's daughter as well in the day.

then she 3PL four.CL.xx shout.and.cry do -xx come.out -CONVcome -xx

अनि उनि चारजनानै तर्सिई बाहिर निस्केर आए।

Then, all four came running outside scared.

stupa three near.to.door -xx stupa three xxCOP Three.type Gombo house old-xx

दैलो निर स्तुपा थियो, पुरानो घर अगाडि रिकसुम गोम्बो (तीन-भगवान) छ।

Near the door was a Stupa; in front of the old house, there is Riksum

stupa that.xx like.this do -CONV NEG- fall.down aroundbecome -xx PART

ती स्तुपाहरु त भत्केला झैँ भयो...

These Stupas shaked very badly.

then up terrace -LOC pile.of.firewood -PL PART to.here move.ONOMmove.ONOM do do inside -LOC some some go go outside some somecome come do -CONV

अनि के कौशिको दाउराको चाङ त यता हल्लिई हल्लिई, भित्र यतातिर आउँदैँ

Everything was shaking violently and we rushed in hurry.

now what say -xx NEG.xx 1PL now earlier customPART -LOC

अब के हो भनेँ, पहिले पुर्खौलीको रीति।चलन अनुसार

According to our tradition...

God.Tordze-Chopa land press say -xx that saysay -xx

धोर्जे च्योपा सा न्योन भनि मन्त्र जप्नु पर्ने

We have to utter, God press the earth!

that say -CONV live land put -xx now live -ALSO exceptdo -ALSO what -ALSO NEG- xx

त्यो जपेर भुईँमा बस्नुभन्दा अरु केहि गर्नु थिएन

We could only utter those Mantras; we could not do anything more.

house outside COP.xx or

घर बाहिर हो कि?

It is outside house?

house outside

घर बाहिर।

Outside house.

then uncle upstair -LOC xx COP down descendNEG- able -PTCPCOP

अनि बाबा चाहिँ माथि हुनुहुन्थ्यो, तल झर्न सक्नुभएन।

And father was in the upper storey; he could not come down.

now mother child two and she come.out able -PTCPCOP

अनि आमा बच्चा दुईजना र उ निस्किन सकेको थियो।

Mother, two children and she? were able to come out.

child -PL remaining -PL school -LOC xxCOP

अरु बाँकि बच्चाहरु स्कुलमा थियो।

Rest of the children were in school.

then that outside come -CONV then what do -xx PART a.lotsome NEG- xx

अनि बाहिर निस्की, त्यति गर्ने नि...

Coming out and doing this...

do one outside live -xx again come -xx COP tell.xx PART 3PLteacher -say

अलिबेर बाहिर बसेँ, फेरी आउँछ भनेर मान्छेहरुले के के भन्दै थियो

I lived for awhile outside; but, people were fearing that it would

times two what do -CONV again come -xx COPsay

दुइपटक जसरी भनेपनि आउँछ भनेर भन्छन।

The earthquake always comes two times, it was said.

big small like.what one come COND

सानो ठुलो जस्तो भएपनि।

Either big or small.

now that say -CONV outside come.out -CONVlive -xx

त्यसकारण बाहिर निस्केर बसेँ।

So, we came out and lived outside.

little NEG- come then

अलि बेर आएन अनि..

It did not hit for sometime...

then what there house old NEG- fall.down - xx PART nowsit.xx COP here PART house little better xx.POSSIBLsay -CONV think -xx

उता घर पुरानो त नभत्केकोले यता त नयाँ घर त राम्रै होला भन्ने सोचेँ।

Since the old house is still normal I thouht the new house to be okay.

then 1PL -POSS two three little here see -xx come -xx uncle1

अनि हामी दुइतिन जना हेर्न आयौँ बाबा म...

Then, some of us came to see: father, me...

1PL three

हामी तीन जना।

We three.

here come -xx -EMPH PART DEM corner PART xx do -CONV open -CONVlivexx

यता आउँदा खेरी त्यो कुना पट्टि चाहिँ फाटेर बसेको थियो।

When we arrived here, there was crack at that corner.

wide do -CONV

यसो गरि...

Doing this...

now 1PL hand two -CL.xx together put COND fit -xxxx

दुबै हात सँगै हाल्दा पनि पस्दो रहेछ।

The crack was very big; we could insert our two hands together.

in.the.beginning this day PART -xx

पहिले त्यो दिनमा

In the first day...

that then

त्यसपछि...

Then...

this this this door PART close that do -CONV PART outsidecome.out -xx go -xx -EMPHPART

यसो यसो यसो गरी यो ढोका बन्द गरेर बाहिर निस्केर जाँदा खेरी त

When we closed the door and came out....

that corner -LOC arrive NEG- arrive -xx again come -xxcome -xx

त्यो कुनातिर पुग्दा नपुग्दै फेरी आईहाल्यो।

We were just about to reach to that corner, it hit again.

house all PART that do -xx PART 1PL airwalk -xx like like

हाम्रो घर त यस्तो यस्तो गरि हावा आए झैँ हल्लियो।

Our house shaked like this, as if the big wind came.

then

अनि...

Then...

that day PART that come -xx COP and.then thatthen

त्यस दिनमा आएको थियो, त्यस पछि...

It hit that day; later on...

that.side -LOC return -xx go -xx then what man live - place PARTNEG- xx

उता फर्केर गएँ, अनि के त मान्छे बस्ने खालको त थिएन।

I returned back; it was not suitable for living here.

then PART fear fear fear now inside PART -ABL ration likesome clothes like some nowwhat

अनि के डराउँदै डराउँदै घरभित्र बाट अन्न जस्तो र लुगाफाटो र.....

With fear, the food and clothes from house...

one terrace -ABL down down up yard -LOC throw one insidePART -ABL outside take.out do -CONV

एकजना चाहिँ माथिबाट आँगनमा फाल्दै (समान) एकजना चाहिँ भित्रबाट बाहिर

One throwing objects from upstairs while another taking out from

then DEM.DIS anyhow take.out -CONV then

अनि यसरी हतार हतारमा हस्याङफस्याङग गर्दै अनि..

In hurry, in such a way...

outside sit.xxharvest.ground -xx

बाहिर बसेँ, धान उठाउने ठाउँमा।

We lived outside at that time.

tarp old one fix do -CONV

त्रिपाल थोत्रो एउटा हालेर

Arranging one old tarpaulin...

this day wall -PL fall.down -xx orlike.this

त्यसदिन पर्खालहरु भत्क्यो कि?

Did the walls fall down that day?

fall.down -xx like become -xx howbecome -xx

चर्किने जस्तै भयो? कस्तो भयो?

Cracked? or how was it like?

most.of fall.down -xx except fall.down -xx for.that a.lotNEG- fall.down

धेरैजसो चर्किने भन्दा भत्किने चाहिँ भत्केन

Many got cracked; not much fallen down.

fall.down -xx PART now house 1PL

भत्किने चाहिँ त हाम्रो घर।

As for crumbling, our house...

goat.house some like some harvest.place some like somelike.that some garden like.this a.lotfall.down -xx

बाख्राको खोरहरु र बारि बगैँचाहरु जस्ता धेरै भत्कियो।

The goat-farm, gardens etc. fell down.

house PART extreme NEG- fall.down fall.down -xx onlyNEG- fall.down - xx COP

घरचाहिँ त पुरै ध्वस्त चाहिँ कुनै पनि भएन।

None of the houses has been totally damaged.

live -xx NEG -xx now fear -xx SELF except NEG.xxCOP

बस्न नै नसक्ने हालत डरलाग्दो अबस्था थियो।

It was difficult to live; it was scary.

NEG- crack -xx place all crack -CONV here now 1PL thispillar new fit.xx this allpieces

नचर्केको ठाउँ सबै चर्कियो, नयाँ खम्बाहरु सबै चिराचिरा

There are everywhere cracks; new pillars all have cracks.

root -ABL up -ABL down till

माथिबाट तलसम्म

From top to bottom.

then what land all house all now what that theninside

यताको जमिन सबै र घर सबै त ....

All the land and houses here..

now there that moment -LOC holy.water some little offer -xxxx house new -LOC that do -CONV holy.water offerbutter.lamp offer -xx xx

त्यसबेला नयाँ घरमा पानी र बत्तिहरु बाल्दै थिएँ,

I was planning to arrange water and electricity in new house.

like.what do -CONV effect get -PTCP xx.POSSIBL there houseold PART -LOC like.this like one NEG- fall.down -PTCP

कसरी यसमा असर परेको होला उता पुरानो घरमा भने केहि खसेको छैन (केहि

How has this house been so damaged?, there has been no such damage in

here PART whole place -LOC throw putxx

यता भने भुईँमा लथालिङग थियो।

It is damaged everywhere here.

water.offering.bowl -PL all

पानी-चढाउने-भाँडोहरु सबै

All the water-pots...

house PART new COP PART this PART

यो घर त नयाँ घर हो नि?

This house is new one!

house year one again NEG- go -xxCOP

यो घर एक बर्ष पनि पुगेको छैन।

It has not been even one year.

now house make -xx count COND

घर बनाएको गन्ने हो भने...

Just after completing the house...

house make -xx do -ABL

घर बनाउनु भएर?

Building the house..

now year

अब बर्ष

Now...

earlier PART this ground.floor make -CONV year one two around gapdo -CONV what -ALSO NEG- make

पहिला यो भुईँतला बनाएर एकदुई बर्ष केहि बनाएन

First I made this ground-floor and I left it for some years.

now that then man PART come - xx come - xxsay -CONV

त्यसपछि मान्छेहरु आउँछ भनेर..

Thinking that it runs well...

now little little business one come PART come -INF COP businessone do PART do -INF COP life -LOC PART

व्यपार हुन नि हुन्छ, जीन्गदिमा एउटा ब्यापार गर्नु त गर्नु नै पर्छ हैन।

It is suitable for business; anyway, I have to do at leat one

children -POSS thought do -CONV little one width big doCOND good arrive -xx or say -CONV widthbig

वच्चाहरुको लागि भनेर अलिकति ब्यपार बढाए राम्रो हुन्छ कि भनि....

I thought increase in business will be better for us.

do -xx COP then upstairmake

बढाएँ, अनि माथि तल्ला बनाएँ।

I added next floor in the house.

earlier upstair make -xx or opinion PART xx -ALSONEG

पहिला त माथिल्लो तला बनाउने विचार त छँदै थिएन।

I did not have a plan of making upper floor earlier.

in.the.beginning PART PART

पहिला चाहिँ त।

In the beginning!

now upstair make PART be.good -xx say -CONV then year earlierPART this makethen

अब चाहिँ माथिल्लो तला बनाए हुन्छ भनी सोचेर बनाएँ अनि

I thought it would be better to make upper floor and made it.

make -CONV 1 winter PART India -LOC live -xxtime -EMPH

बनाएर हिउँदोमा भारतमा बस्दा खेरी ..

Making this, and spending winter time in India...

worry come - xx come -xx

चिन्ता चाहिँ हुने थियो।

It would be worrisome.

now this.year upstair one make put xx COP now fall.downxx.POSSIBL or what do xx.POSSIBL say -CONV land PART baddo -CONV PART

यसपाली माथि तला बढाएको छु, अनि त्यो भत्कियो होला कि के भयो होला भनि

I made this upper floor this year; whether it got damaged or happened

elder.brother what think -xxxx

दाजु अब तपाईँ के सोच्नुहुन्छ?

Brother! what do you think?

house old PART NEG- fall.downxx

पुरानो घरचाहिँ नभत्किएको हुँदा...

The old house is not much damaged

NEG- crack xx COND size bigPART

त्यति धेरै असर नभएको हो नि त..

There is not much damage, is not it?

this size big become -xx COPsay

यो चाहिँ धेरै असर भएको हो नि?

It has been damaged badly!

main effect like reason like whatsee - xx

खास क्षतीको कारण चाहिँ के देख्नुहुन्छ?

What do you see the main reason for this?

now up saying say 1PL this

यहाँको मान्छेको भनाईअनुसार (माथि भेगको मान्छे)

According to the people here...

particularly village this landSELF

खासै गरी यो गाउँको जमिन आफै..

Actually, the land of this village is...

a.lot.TIB bad xx earlier earlier flood come -xxstory -ALSOxx

धेरै नराम्रो छ, पहिले पहिले बाढि आएको कहानी पनि छ।

It is very weak; there are stories of floods in early times.

now that do -CONV place PART itself 1PL foundation dig -xxsay COND

यस कारण हामीले जमिन खन्यो भनेबित्तिकै।

The reason is: if we dig the land...

foot one dig COND what -ALSO NEG- xx foot two down dig -xxCOND water come.out xx do -x

एक फुट खन्दा केहि हुँदैन, दुई फुट खन्यो भने खन्ने बित्तिकै पानी

If we dig one foot, it is normal; but, it if dig two fit we get water

water come.out -xx EXC

पानी निस्किन्छ हैन?

The water comes out.

actually house this -LOC this house this foundation like1PL village this -LOC xx -ALSO NEG.xxCOP

खासगरी यस गाउँमा यो घरजस्तो जग जस्तो (बलियो) छँदै छैन।

Actually, there is no place in the village which is stronger than

this down towards -LOC foot four xx COP man seeNEG- see do -xx COP foundation dig time -LOC PART

यसको जग चार फुट छ, मान्छेले त्यस जगको फेद आँखाले देख्ने नदेख्ने

This house has its bottom four feet down; It was difficult to see at

this water this.much this.much which take.out -CONV watertake.out -CONV foundation establish -PTCP PART

यति यति पानी भरेर निकाली जग बनाएको थियो।

We took out a lot of water from there before we made the house.

house this again

यो घरचाहिँ।

In this house.

then foundation all breadth foot four five arounddig -CONV

अनि जग सबैको चौडाई चार पाँच फिट जति खनी...

I dug four to five feet of space around it's foundation.

now stone house be.sufficient -xx stone get.birth putxx COP now whole foundation -LOC go -xx COP

घर बनाउन बटुलेको ढुङ्गा जम्मै जगमा गएको थियो।

All the stones sufficient to built the house went into its foundation.

that moment -LOC room four except makeNEG- able

त्यसबेला चारबटा कोठा भन्दा बनाउन सकिएन।

I could not make more than four rooms at that time.

particularly land itself bad xx

खासै यो जमिन नै नराम्रो छ।

The land is not good indeed.

land itself bad xx PART

ए, जमिन नराम्रो छ!

Yes, the land is not good.

land a.lot good NEG- xx

यो जमिन त्यति राम्रो छैन।

This land is not good.

elder.brother place other -LOC xx -xxCOP.xx

दाजु तपाइँको जमिन अरु ठाउँमा पनि छ?

You have land in other places, have not you?

now land other land PART what now earlier main.house old -LOCPART what field.area -LOC exceptPART

अब के अरु हाम्रो पुर्खौलि जग्गा जमिनहरु पाखामा बाहेक...

Our parent's lands in this area are all in the far away places.

field all except road -LOC PART land one again NEG.xxCOP

खेत तिर भन्दा बाटोमा त एउटै जग्गा छैन।

We do not have other lands except the planting fields.

now field up house make PART PARTNEG- be.good

अनि खेत माथि घर बनाएर त हुँदैन।

We can't make houses in the planting fields.

now son/boy -PL 1PL -PL like COP what corner some -LOC whatfield

तपाईँजस्तो के हाम्रो पनि खेत कुनातिर...

All our planting fields are far from roads.

now normal SELF except road up that field say -xxthis -PL -LOC say -xx road -LOC land NEG.xx COP

बिचमा भन्दा बाटो निर खेत जमिन भन्ने कुनै छैन।

They all fall in the middle of the others land.

earlier main.house big PART -LOC land inside except outsideNEG- xx

पहिला पुर्खौलिलाई जग्गा जमिन भित्र भन्दा बाहिर एउटै छैन। (विचमा छ)

Our parents had all their lands in the middle of other peoples land.

elder.brother -POSS now earthquake say PART how one -DATsee -xx

दाजुले अब भुकम्प भन्दा कस्तो देखिन्छ? (अर्थ)

What do you think the earthquake is?

earthquake what do -CONV come -xx PART earthquake say PART like.whatone xx PART shape like xxPART

भुकम्प किन आउँछ, के कारणले आउँछ,त्यसको रुप जस्तो भयो भने...

Why does the earthquake strike? What could be the reason? If it has

how xx PART

कस्तो होला? (ङावाङ)

What form does it have?

now then 1PL opinion a.lot know -xxNEG- xx

अब यसबारे चाहिँ हामीले केहि जानेको छैन।

I don't know about this much.

xx

होईन!

Is not it so?

now what COP NEG now saying PART many xx somePART

अब के हो होईन, भनाई त धेरै छन कसैले त

What to believe?, there are many opinions..

1PL this lowland.people like some come -NMLZ -PLPART

हाम्रो यहाँ तलको-मान्छेहरु जस्ता आउनेहरुले त

People from downwad areas generally say..

यो त भुईँचालो आएको होईन

This is not an earthquake.

say

पानी उम्लेर बाफ निक्लिने ठाउँ नभएर हल्लेको..हो भन्छन।

It is for just because of the release of vapour when the water gets

know.NEG COP

बुझ्नै सक्दैन।

We coulld not understand it.

son/boy drink.RES

भाई पिउनुस! (चिया!)

Take your tea!

1 NEG 1 PART become -xx

पर्दैन, मलाई त भयो।

I don't need.

then 1PL -ERG man -PL saynow

अनि हाम्रो मान्छेहरुले भने

Then our people here say...

earthquake say -CONV then what

सायोम (भुकम्प) भनेर के

Then, the earthquke is...

earthquake then now who.knows then 1PL this tortoiselike now 1PL this

सोगुल भन्छन अनि हाम्रो यहाँ कछुवा जस्तै।

They call it Songul and it is like tortoise.

xx xx Pungdo Pungdo like then that some -DATtail get -xx some -DAT head get -xx some -DAT

पुङ्दु जस्तै कतातिर पुच्छर पर्ने, कतैतिर टाउको पर्ने, (पुङदु‍‍:

It's like Pungdu: it's different parts fall in different places..

leg.and.hand get -xx like.this come -xx COPthen

हातखुट्टा पर्ने हुँदो रहेछ अनि...

It's hand and legs etc. fall in different places.

that -LOC depend -CONV 3 now

त्यसलाई मानेर...

Considering it so...

time time -LOC shake -xx COP shake -CONV that come -xxCOP say -xx like.this saying some hear -xx except now

समय समयमा हल्लिन्छ, त्यो हल्लेर भुकम्प आउँछ भन्ने मात्र सुनेको

It shakes in different times; this causes earthquake, I have heard

opinion earlier PART now PART

विचार सत्यतथ्य चाहिँ...

The main facts...

what COP NEG know -xx NEG- xx

के हो होईन थाहा छैन।

I don't know it.

fear big -SUPER PART now

धेरै डरलाग्दो चाहिँ...

The most scary one..

this.year come -xx COPearthquake

यसपाली आएको थियो नि, भुँइचालो!

It hit this year; this earthquake!

fear big -SUPER PART this.year do land inside -LOCdifference big much xx

यसपाली चाहिँ सबैभन्दा डरलाग्दो भएको थियो, जमिनमा धेरै फरक थियो।

It was actually very scary this year; it has caused a lot of changes

now land dry and cold inside -LOC big much differencexx

सुख्खा जमिन र भिजेको जमिन विच धेरै फरक छ।

There is vast difference between wet and dry lands.

now 1PL COP PART Nepali -LOC marsh talk -xx xxPART

अब हाम्रो नेपालीमा भन्नुपर्दा सिम जग्गा।

In our usual tongue, we call it 'Sim Jagga' (wet place).

1PL -POSS COP PART marsh like become -CONVPART

हाम्रो यहाँ चाहिँ सिम जग्गा जस्तो भएर।

Because of wet land here...

in.the.midst.of -LOC water do

त्यो माथि पानी भएर।

Because of water there..

that -LOC effect a.lot bigxx

यसमा धेरै क्षति पर्दो रहेछ।

There occurs a lot of damage.

now early -ABL From then then

यता पहिले देखी

From the beginning..

early -ABL know xx -xx COP PART Ghiling this marshland-LOC

पहिला नै थाहा थियो नि घिलिङ (गाउँ) चाहिँ चरन-क्षेत्र हो भनेर

It was earlier known that Ghiling is a pasture land.

now village PART marshland -LOC make -PTCP COPsay -CONV

यो गाउँचाहिँ सिममा बनेको छ भनेर।

This village was established in the pasture.

this time -LOC then earthquake one arrive -xx or say -CONV thenthought -LOC NEG- rise COP.xx

त्यहि बेला भुकम्प आउला कि भनि मनमा सोचेको थिएन?

Did nobody think that there the earthquake might affect this area

DEM.DIS -LOC where rise -INF

यस्तो त कहाँ सोच्छ र?

Who thinks like this?

who again NEG- rise COP PART

कसैले पनि सोचेको थिएन नि!

Nobody thougt about it!

now 3PL house old make make -xx now generation generationgo -NMLZ -PL year one one

उनिहरु जोसँग पहिलै बनेको पुरानो घर भएकोहरुले पनि, एक एक बर्षमा...

Those who had made houses earlier, and had to make houses every each

year five six -ABL house time one one makeneed -NMLZ -PL.ALSO

पाँच छ बर्षमा नै घर बनाउनुपर्ने हरुले पनि

Those who had to make houses each five/six years could not...

like.this thought NEG- do -xx 1PL house newmake -NMLZ -DAT where know -xx

सोच्न सकेनन भने हामी नयाँघर बनाउनु पर्ने हरुले त कहाँ सोच्न सक्छ र!

They could not think about it; we who make new houses now can't think

yes yes

ए।

Yes!

earlier PART place old -LOC dryland -LOClive -xx

पहिला त पुरानो सुख्खा जग्गामा बस्ने

Earlier, they were living in dry places.

house old -LOC

पुरानो घरमा।

In older houses..

TV -PL -LOC again year eighty -PL -LOC come -xx say -CONV ninetyyear earthquake

टिभिमा त असि बर्षमा भुईँचालो आउँछ भनेर नब्वे सालको भूँईचालो

In TV, it is often told that earthquake hits every eighty years; the

now year eighty like.this earlier

अब असि बर्ष यस्तो पहिले..

Around eighty years ago.

like.this PART come -xx say -CONV prediction xx NEG.xxCOP

यत्रो आउँछ भनेर सोचमा थिएन।

We did not think such a big earthquake would come.

TV PART xx -ALSO NEG.xx COP

टि भि त छँदै थिएन।

We did not have television.

come -xx PART all -DAT know xx COP EXCL come -INF COPsay -CONV when come -xx when come-xx

आउँछ भनेर त सबैलाई थाहा थियो, तर कहिले आउँने कहिले आउने, हैन! (ङावाङ)

Everybody knew it would hit; but, nobody knew when it would hit.

PART but now

तैपनि

However...

come -INF COP know xx COP this -LOC now land wet -LOCpossibility become -xx say -CONV EXCL

आउँछ भनेर त थाहा थियो, यो भिजेको जमिनमा असर हुने सम्भावना थाहा थियो

We knew that it would come; we also knew that there will be much

like.this some again

यस्तो जस्तै..

Like this...

preserve like try some do able -xxPART

सुरक्षा र उपायहरु केहि गर्न सक्थ्यो होला नि!

We could have adopted some measures, could not we?

now but thought not.at.all NEG.xx COP PART like.what come -xxsay -CONV

तर पनि तपाईँको सोचमा केहि थिएन किनकी कस्तो (भुकम्प) आउँछ होला भनेर

Actually you did not think about it properly, did you?

that SELF PART thought earlier

त्यस्तो (उपाय-सोच) त पहिला

About such measures...

now work do -xx time -LOC thought see -xx NEG- see -xxPARTwhat

पहिला काम गर्ने बेला त यस्तो सोचमा आएकै थिएन, अनि के त

I did not think about it while building a house.

this middle -LOC now

त्यो बिचमा अब..

In between...

make -INF say -CONV thought now NEG- xx PART now landthis -LOC

बनाउँछु भनेर त सोचेको थिएन, यो माटो यो जमिनमा

I did not even think about building a house; in this land...

like.this one earthquake one like.this land wet -LOClike.this

यत्रो भुकम्प आएर, चिसो जमिनमा यत्रो...

With such an earthquake in such wet land...

size big one come -xx say -CONV thoughtPART

भयानक (भुकम्प) आउँछ भन्ने सोचमा....

Thinking that the big earthquake will hit...

eye PART see finish -CONV 1PL make -INF say -CONV thought PARTPART NEG.come

आँखाले देखिसके पछि बनाउँछू (घर) भनेर सोचमा त अब आउँदैन। (धेरै असर

We don't care it even after we face such an earthquake.

again instant PART -LOC live - land PART PART what do - xx - xxneed -xx

फेरी तत्काल बस्नको लागी जसरी पनि चाहियो।

For shelter, we have to make house immediately.

immediately sudden -LOC new PART make able NEG.xx where makeable -INF

एक्कासी नयाँ (घर) बनाउन त सक्दैन, कसरी बनाउँन सक्ला र!

One can't make a house at immediately, how can it be made?

land one need -xx stone oneneed -xx

जमिन चाहियो, ढुङ्गा चाहियो।

We need land, stones etc.

now man only live -xx PART NEG- be.good 1PL -DAT PARTagain

मान्छे मात्र बसेर त भएन, हामीलाई त फेरी

The house is not sufficient for us.

xx xx COP.xx xx COP.xx livestock put.in -xx oneneed -xx

सामाडोक(पसुपाल्ने‍-खेतिगर्ने) भनेर फेरी गाईबस्तु हुल्नको लागी खोर पनि

We need barn for livestock and storage.

then livestock put - land oneneed -xx

पशु पाल्नको लागी ‍एउटा ठाउँ चाहिएला।

We need a place for livestock.

elder.brother livestock -PL -LOC what NEG- become -xxCOP.xx

दाईको गाईबस्तुहरुलाई केहि भएन?

Has there been any damage to your livestock?

NEG- become -xx COP.xx now

यसपाली केहि भएन?

Has there been any loss?

livestock towards -LOC now what NEG- become winter snow -POSS3 -EMPH little effect do -xx except

गाईबस्तुलाई चाहिँ केहि भएन, हिउँदमा हिँउले गर्दा केहि असर भएको भन्दा

There is no damage to my livestock; but, this winter season posed

earthquake -POSS effect NEG- do PART

भुकम्पले केहि गरेन?

The earthquake did not affect any livestock!

earthquake -POSS PART effect NEG- make -PTCP

भुकम्पले कहि असर गरेन।

The earthquake did not affect livestock.

then field -LOC

अनि खेतहरु...

Then, the cornfields?

that time -LOC man -POSS livestock -DAT effect NEG- become -xx

त्यतिबेला मान्छेको बस्तुहरुलाई केहि असर भएन। (उहँको श्रीमती)

There has been no effect to people's livestock.

field -LOC again effect except

खेतलाई पनि केहि असर गरेन।

It did not affect the cornfields as well.